Ma mota amagetsi olunjika (DC) ndi alternating current (AC) ndi mitundu iwiri yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Tisanakambirane kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi, choyamba tiyeni timvetse zomwe zili.
Mota ya DC ndi makina amagetsi ozungulira omwe amatha kusintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yamakina (kuzungulira). Ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati jenereta yomwe imasintha mphamvu yamakina (kuzungulira) kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi (DC). Pamene mota ya DC ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphamvu yamagetsi mwachindunji, imapanga mphamvu yamagetsi mu stator yake (gawo losasunthika la mota). Mundawo umakopa ndikuchotsa maginito pa rotor (gawo lozungulira la mota). Izi zimapangitsa kuti rotor izizungulira. Kuti rotor isunge kuzungulira kosalekeza, commutator, yomwe ndi switch yamagetsi yozungulira imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi ku ma windings. Torgue yozungulira yokhazikika imapangidwa potembenuza njira ya mafunde mu kuzungulira kozungulira theka lililonse.
Ma mota a DC ali ndi mphamvu yowongolera liwiro lawo molondola, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pamakina amafakitale. Ma mota a DC amatha kuyambitsa, kuyimitsa ndi kubwerera m'mbuyo nthawi yomweyo. Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri powongolera magwiridwe antchito a zida zopangira. Motere,XBD-4070ndi imodzi mwa ma DC motors athu otchuka kwambiri.
Mofanana ndi mota ya DC, chozungulira chamagetsi chosinthana (AC) chimaphimba mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yamakina (kuzungulira). Chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati jenereta yomwe imasintha mphamvu yamakina (votation) kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi (AC).
Makamaka ma mota a AC amagawidwa m'magulu awiri. Mota yolumikizana ndi mota yopanda unyolo. Yomalizayi ikhoza kukhala gawo limodzi kapena magawo atatu. Mu mota ya AC, pali mphete ya zozungulira zamkuwa (zopanga stator), zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zipange mphamvu ya maginito yozungulira. Pamene zozungulirazo zimayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC, mphamvu ya maginito, zomwe zimapanga pakati pawo zimayambitsa mphamvu mu rotor (gawo lozungulira). Mphamvu iyi yopangidwa imapanga mphamvu yake ya maginito, yomwe imatsutsana ndi mphamvu ya maginito kuchokera ku stator. Kuyanjana pakati pa minda iwiriyi kumapangitsa kuti rotor izungulire. Mu mota yopanda unyolo pali kusiyana pakati pa liwiro ziwirizi. Zipangizo zambiri zamagetsi zapakhomo zimagwiritsa ntchito ma mota a AC chifukwa magetsi ochokera m'nyumba ndi alternating current (AC).
Kusiyana pakati pa mota ya DC ndi AC:
● Mphamvu zamagetsi zimasiyana. Ngakhale kuti ma mota a DC amayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yolunjika, ma mota a AC amayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yosinthira.
● Mu ma mota a AC, armature imakhala yosasuntha pomwe mphamvu ya maginito imazungulira. Mu ma mota a DC armature imazungulira koma mphamvu ya maginito imakhala yosasuntha.
● Ma mota a DC amatha kukwaniritsa malamulo osavuta komanso osawononga ndalama popanda zida zina. Kuwongolera liwiro kumachitika powonjezera kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera. Ma mota a AC amagwiritsanso ntchito zida zosinthira ma frequency kuti asinthe liwiro.
Ubwino wa ma mota a AC ndi awa:
● Kufunika kochepa kwa mphamvu zoyambira
● Kulamulira bwino milingo yoyambira komanso kuthamanga kwa mphamvu
● Kusintha kwakukulu kwa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pakusintha kwa liwiro ndi mphamvu
● Kulimba bwino komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Ubwino wa ma mota a DC ndi awa:
● Zofunikira zosavuta pakukhazikitsa ndi kukonza
● Mphamvu yoyambira komanso mphamvu yokwera kwambiri
● Nthawi yofulumira yoyankhira poyambira/kusiya ndi kuthamangitsa
● Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magetsi osiyanasiyana
Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi fan yamagetsi yapakhomo, mwina imagwiritsa ntchito mota ya AC chifukwa imalumikizana mwachindunji ndi gwero lamagetsi a AC a m'nyumba mwanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso yosasamalidwa bwino. Magalimoto amagetsi, kumbali ina, angagwiritse ntchito mota za DC chifukwa amafunika kuwongolera bwino liwiro la mota ndi mphamvu yake kuti apereke luso loyendetsa bwino komanso kuthamanga bwino.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-01-2024