Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa anthu, kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wapamwamba (makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa AI), komanso kufunafuna moyo wabwino kwa anthu kosalekeza, kugwiritsa ntchito ma micromotor kukukulirakulira. Mwachitsanzo: mafakitale a zida zapakhomo, mafakitale a magalimoto, mipando yamaofesi, mafakitale azachipatala, mafakitale ankhondo, ulimi wamakono (kubzala, kuswana, kusunga zinthu), mayendedwe ndi madera ena akupita patsogolo kupita ku njira yodziyimira pawokha komanso yanzeru m'malo mwa ntchito, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito makina amagetsi kukukulanso. Njira yotsogola ya chitukuko cha magalimoto ikuwonetsedwa makamaka m'mbali zotsatirazi:
Malangizo anzeru a chitukuko
Popeza makampani opanga zida padziko lonse lapansi, kupanga zinthu zamafakitale ndi zaulimi kutsata njira yolondola yochitira zinthu, kulondola kowongolera, liwiro la zochita komanso kulondola kwa chidziwitso, makina oyendetsa magalimoto ayenera kukhala ndi kudziweruza okha, kudziteteza, kudzilamulira liwiro, 5G+ remote control ndi ntchito zina, kotero magalimoto anzeru ayenera kukhala njira yofunika kwambiri yopititsira patsogolo mtsogolo. Kampani ya POWER iyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto anzeru pakukula kwamtsogolo.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, tikutha kuona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma mota anzeru, makamaka panthawi ya mliriwu, zida zanzeru zakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi mliriwu, monga: maloboti anzeru kuti azindikire kutentha kwa thupi, maloboti anzeru kuti apereke katundu, maloboti anzeru kuti aweruze momwe mliriwu ulili.
Imagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri popewa masoka ndi kupulumutsa anthu, monga: kuweruza momwe zinthu zilili pa moto wa drone, kukwera makoma a ma robot anzeru olimbana ndi moto (MPHAMVU ikupanga kale injini yanzeru), komanso kufufuza ma robot anzeru pansi pa madzi m'malo akuya.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yanzeru mu ulimi wamakono ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, monga: kuswana nyama: kudyetsa mwanzeru (malinga ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a kukula kwa nyama kuti ipereke kuchuluka kosiyana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopatsa thanzi), kuswana kwa ma robot opangidwa ndi nyama, kupha nyama mwanzeru. Chikhalidwe cha zomera: mpweya wabwino, kupopera madzi mwanzeru, kuchotsa chinyezi mwanzeru, kutola zipatso mwanzeru, kusanja ndi kulongedza zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba mwanzeru.
Mayendedwe a chitukuko cha phokoso lochepa
Pa injini, pali magwero awiri akuluakulu a phokoso la injini: phokoso la makina kumbali imodzi, ndi phokoso lamagetsi kumbali inayo. Mu ntchito zambiri zamagalimoto, makasitomala ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri pa phokoso la injini. Kuchepetsa phokoso la makina kuyenera kuganiziridwa m'mbali zambiri. Ndi kafukufuku wokwanira wa kapangidwe ka makina, kusinthasintha kwa magawo ozungulira, kulondola kwa zigawo, makina amadzimadzi, mawu, zipangizo, zamagetsi ndi mphamvu yamaginito, kenako vuto la phokoso lingathe kuthetsedwa malinga ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga kuyesa koyeserera. Chifukwa chake, pantchito yeniyeni, kuthetsa phokoso la injini ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito yofufuza ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto, koma nthawi zambiri ogwira ntchito yofufuza ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto malinga ndi zomwe adakumana nazo kale kuti athetse phokosolo. Ndi chitukuko chopitilira cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso kusintha kosalekeza kwa zofunikira, kuchepetsa phokoso la injini kwa ogwira ntchito yofufuza ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto ndi ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo akupitiliza kupereka mutu wapamwamba.
Njira yopitira patsogolo
Pogwiritsira ntchito injini, nthawi zambiri, ndikofunikira kusankha mota yokhala ndi mainchesi akulu ndi kutalika kochepa (ndiko kuti, kutalika kwa mota ndi kochepa). Mwachitsanzo, mota yathyathyathya ya mtundu wa disk yopangidwa ndi POWER imafunika ndi makasitomala kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu yokoka yotsika ya chinthu chomalizidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthu chomalizidwa chikhale chokhazikika ndikuchepetsa phokoso panthawi yogwira ntchito. Koma ngati chiŵerengero cha slenderness chili chochepa kwambiri, ukadaulo wopanga injini umaperekedwanso patsogolo zofunikira zapamwamba. Kwa mota yokhala ndi slenderness ratio yaying'ono, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu centrifugal separator. Pansi pa liwiro linalake la mota (angular velocity), slenderness ratio ya mota imakhala yochepa, liwilo la mota limakhala lalikulu, ndipo kusiyana kumakhala bwino.
Malangizo a chitukuko cha zopepuka komanso zocheperako
Kupepuka ndi kucheperako ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopangira mapangidwe a injini, monga injini yogwiritsira ntchito ndege, injini yamagalimoto, injini ya UAV, injini ya zida zamankhwala, ndi zina zotero, kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa injini kumakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri. Kuti akwaniritse cholinga chopepuka ndi kucheperako kwa injini, ndiko kuti, kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa injini pa unit mphamvu zimachepetsedwa, kotero mainjiniya opanga injini ayenera kukonza kapangidwe kake ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba ndi zipangizo zapamwamba popanga. Popeza mphamvu ya mkuwa ndi yokwera pafupifupi 40% kuposa ya aluminiyamu, chiŵerengero cha kugwiritsa ntchito mkuwa ndi chitsulo chiyenera kuwonjezeka. Pa rotor ya aluminiyamu yopangidwa, ikhoza kusinthidwa kukhala mkuwa wopangidwa. Pa chitsulo cha injini ndi chitsulo cha maginito, zipangizo zapamwamba zimafunikanso, zomwe zimawongolera kwambiri mphamvu zawo zamagetsi ndi maginito, koma mtengo wa zipangizo zamagalimoto udzawonjezeka pambuyo pa kukonza kumeneku. Kuphatikiza apo, pa injini yaying'ono, njira yopangira ilinso ndi zofunikira zapamwamba.
Kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kuteteza zachilengedwe zobiriwira
Kuteteza chilengedwe cha magalimoto kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsanso zinthu zamagalimoto komanso magwiridwe antchito a injini. Kuti mapangidwe a injini akhale abwino, bungwe la International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) lomwe ndi loyamba kudziwa miyezo yoyezera mphamvu zamagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi. Limakhudza US (MMASTER), EU (EuroDEEM) ndi nsanja zina zosungira mphamvu zamagalimoto. Kuti agwiritse ntchito kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsanso zinthu zamagalimoto, European Union posachedwa ikhazikitsa muyezo wa kubwezeretsanso zinthu zamagalimoto (ECO). Dziko lathu likulimbikitsanso kuteteza chilengedwe kwa magalimoto osunga mphamvu.
Miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndi kusunga mphamvu zamagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi idzakonzedwanso, ndipo injini yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndi kusunga mphamvu zambiri idzakhala yofunika kwambiri pamsika. Pa Januwale 1, 2023, National Development and Reform Commission ndi madipatimenti ena 5 adatulutsa "Mulingo Wapamwamba Wogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu, Kusunga Mphamvu ndi Mulingo Wofikira wa Zinthu Zofunikira Zogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu (mtundu wa 2022)" idayamba kugwira ntchito, popanga ndi kuitanitsa magalimoto, patsogolo payenera kuperekedwa pakupanga ndi kugula magalimoto okhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba. Pakupanga kwathu kwamakono kwa ma micromotor, payenera kukhala mayiko omwe akufuna kupanga ndi kutumiza ndi kutumiza kunja kwa magalimoto.
Kupanga njira yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka magalimoto ndi makina owongolera
Cholinga cha kukhazikitsa miyezo ya injini ndi makina owongolera nthawi zonse chakhala cholinga chomwe opanga magalimoto ndi makina owongolera amatsatira. Kukhazikitsa miyezo kumabweretsa zabwino zambiri pakufufuza ndi chitukuko, kupanga, kuwongolera ndalama, kuwongolera khalidwe ndi zina. Kukhazikitsa miyezo ya injini ndi makina owongolera kumachita bwino kwambiri ndi servo motor, exhaust motor ndi zina zotero.
Kukhazikitsa injini kumaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a injini. Kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe kumabweretsa kukhazikitsa ziwalo, ndipo kukhazikitsa ziwalo kudzabweretsa kukhazikitsa kapangidwe ka ziwalo ndi kukhazikitsa kapangidwe ka injini. Kukhazikitsa magwiridwe antchito, malinga ndi mawonekedwe a kapangidwe ka injini kutengera kapangidwe ka magwiridwe antchito a injini, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za magwiridwe antchito a makasitomala osiyanasiyana.
Kukhazikitsa dongosolo lolamulira kumaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu ndi zida zamagetsi ndi kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe. Chifukwa chake, pa dongosolo lolamulira, choyamba, kukhazikitsa hardware ndi mawonekedwe, kutengera kukhazikitsa hardware ndi mawonekedwe, ma module a mapulogalamu amatha kupangidwa malinga ndi kufunikira kwa msika kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za makasitomala osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-18-2023